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Dateline ACTSudan 03/00Try stopping hunger with Waterlily SoupBy
Jane Connolly, Sudan & kenya, May 2000 Imagine that you cannot get hold of any food. Anywhere, anyhow. You
can't borrow, steal, buy, find, dig up, pull down or kill it. The
last you have been doing was stripping bare the branches of the tree
that you live under and boil poisonous waterlilies to try and quiet
the cravings in your belly. Now, let me ask you a question: would you rather be one of nine thousand
or one of seven million? Would you rather be in Ethiopia or Sudan? Funding has been slow for Sudan this year due to the 'relatively
small numbers of people at risk', and in terms of donors' interest
their focus has turned to other crises. In March five aid agencies
pulled out because they were not prepared to sign a "Memorandum of
Understanding" with the Sudan Relief and Rehabilitation Association
(the de facto civil administration in large parts of rebel-held south
Sudan). Along with the loss of committed staff and essential services and
supplies, the war-ravaged people of south Sudan will be even bigger
losers because of the conflict over this memorandum as 45% of funding
for south Sudan has been cut by ECHO (a European Union funding agency). Still, there will not be a nation-wide famine this year in Sudan.
But localized famine will be there, in battered Bahr-el-Ghazal and
Upper and Blue Nile, even in parts of Eastern Equatoria. I can't give any meaningful figures. This is not lack of research;
the truth is, no-one really knows because no-one goes to many of these
places - not even the UN or its World Food Programme. People die hideous,
premature deaths and often we don't even know they have been born. I asked the Programme Coordinator of the ACT supported Church Consortium
(ACT-CC) why the donors seem to have given up on Sudan when there is
still such great need. "The donors follow the media for 'big impact'", he said wearily,
"and the situation of too little funding being made available is exacerbated
by the refusal of some governments to fund capacity building. But
they need to channel resources into finding a solution for the conflict." Last year the New Sudan Council of Churches (NSCC) began a valuable
initiative called the People to People Peace Process. Undeterred by
insecurity, death threats, tenuous funding and lack of administrative
resources NSCC's General Secretary Dr Haruun Ruun and a dedicated
team achieved something little short of miraculous: peace between
warring Dinka and Nuer tribes (two of the largest in south Sudan who
share a long border between their lands). Since then, many Nuer in Western Upper Nile have been chased from
their homes near the lucrative, government-secured oilfields around
Bentiu. This peace agreement meant they could do something they hadn't
been able to do in a long time - flee to the Dinka lands. The Dinka
have accepted them and shared everything they have, but this has put
a huge strain on their limited resources and some fear that these
pressures will lead to an unravelling of the peace agreements. There
are few agencies now to pick up the slack and the last food distribution
in the area was 5 February. In Lokichoggio, northern Kenya, waiting for a plane into Sudan, I
met a group of Sudanese theologians whose warmth and jollity hid a
quiet desperation about a situation in Sudan that they had witnessed
and reported. They laughed and gently reprimanded me for carrying a thermos flask
in their compound: "It is an insult to your hosts to bring your own
refreshment". Then, they told me what was really on their minds: In the northern Upper Nile area of Payuar and Gumku nine thousand
people arrived on 28 March from the areas of Atar and Cjubi. They
are Dinka cultivators, the war, localised conflict and raids by northern
militias having finished their cattle long ago. The Sudan People's
Liberation Army (SPLA), who had maintained a presence locally, suffered
sudden military defeat and withdrew. The villages flooded with Sudanese
government troops and civilians were caught and massacred, or taken
as slaves. They fled as National Islamic Front and militias burnt their crops
and houses, bringing little with them. They are now stripping the
leaves off the trees under which they live and boil poisonous waterlily
in order to eat. "The leaves will finish" , says Francis Ayul Yuar,
bleakly. Francis is a Field Coordinator with NSCC. Based on his reports, NSCC
staff recommended to other agencies and to WFP that assessments should
be made in the area. "There has been no aid agency there, ever", said Rev John Aben Deng,
a member of NSCC's Executive Committee. "So far, nobody has even been
into the area to look". This latest incident puts extra pressure on part of an area that
is already deemed as being "in dire need". The Sudan Interior Church
(SIC) have been reporting since January that people in individual
villages, particularly Alam and Atar, are suffering from lack of food
due to destruction of their sorghum and maize plants by floods last
year. The SIC puts the total population at risk in the thirteen counties
of Upper Nile at over seventy thousand. Dr Haruun Ruun wrote to WFP/UN in Nairobi to inform them that church
leaders in Upper Nile have notified him and his colleagues at NSCC
of a humanitarian crisis looming, particularly the counties of in
Sobat, Renk and Khorfullus. "The general populace is in dire need
of assistance due to persistent hunger, malnutrition, high prevalence
of diseases such as kalazar, malaria, dysentry, TB etc.", he told
them. Dr Haruun asked for a WFP/UN assessment. This is "under discussion". Are people dying, I ask Francis Ayul Yuar. "Yes, but no-one is documenting
it. If you ask a Dinka why his family member died, he will tell you,
'he was sick' or 'she was injured'. He will never admit that his loved
one has died of starvation. It is a shame. A stigma." Reported by ACT Press Officer Jane Connolly.
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